The essential reference on cancer stage returns as a fully revised edition
Describing cancer stage is one of the most important elements of oncological practice. Clinical research and clinical care depend on an accurate assessment of cancer stage and prognostic factors. The TNM Classification of Malignant Tumours serves as the globally recognised standard reference for describing cancer stage and assessing treatment results. Now fully updated to reflect the results of the latest clinical research, it is indispensable for all clinicians, cancer registrars and researchers who work with malignant tumours.
Readers of the ninth edition of TNM Classification of Malignant Tumours will find:
- Updates in many tumour sites including, nasopharynx, HPV associated oropharynx, lung, thymus, mesothelioma, appendix, anal canal, cervix, vulva and prostate carcinoma;
- Revised and updated sections on Essential TNM and paediatric cancer staging;
- New classifications for medulloblastoma, cutaneous lymphoma, parathyroid carcinoma, adrenal medulla and extra-adrenal paraganglia tumours;
- Revised classification of prognostic factors for many malignancies.
TNM Classification of Malignant Tumours is an essential resource for anyone involved in cancer care, research or cancer control.
CONTENTS
Editors-in-chief xi
Editors xiii
Preface xv
Acknowledgements xvi
Organisations Associated with the TNM System xvii
Members of UICC Committees Associated with the TNM System Introduction 1
Head and Neck Tumours 17
Oral Cavity and Mucosal Lip 18
Pharynx 23
Larynx 34
Nasal Cavity and Paranasal Sinuses 39
Unknown Primary – Cervical Nodes 43
Malignant Melanoma of Upper Aerodigestive Tract 48
Salivary Glands 50
Thyroid Gland 53
Parathyroid Gland 57
Digestive System Tumours 59
Oesophagus 60
Stomach 66
Small Intestine 70
Appendix 72
Colon and Rectum 75
Anal Canal and Perianal Skin 79
Liver 82
Intrahepatic Bile Ducts 85
Gallbladder 87
Perihilar Bile Ducts 89
Distal Extrahepatic Bile Duct 91
Ampulla of Vater 93
Pancreas 95
Well- Differentiated Neuroendocrine Tumours of the Gastrointestinal Tract 98
Lung, Pleural and Thymic Tumours 107
Lung 109
Pleural Mesothelioma 114
Thymus Tumours 118
Tumours of Bone and Soft Tissues 121
Bone 122
Soft Tissues 126
Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumour (GIST) 129
Skin Tumours 133
Carcinoma of Skin (excluding eyelid, head and neck, perianal, vulva and penis) 135
Carcinoma of Skin of the Head and Neck Region 138
Carcinoma of Skin of the Eyelid 141
Melanoma of Skin 144
Merkel Cell Carcinoma of Skin 149
Breast Tumours 151
Gynaecological Tumours 159
Vulva 160
Vagina 163
Cervix Uteri 165
Uterus – Endometrium 169
Uterine Sarcomas 172
Ovarian, Fallopian Tube and Primary Peritoneal Carcinoma 175
Gestational Trophoblastic Neoplasms 180
Urological Tumours 183
Penis 184
Prostate 187
Testis 190
Kidney 194
Renal Pelvis and Ureter 196
Urinary Bladder 198
Urethra 201
Adrenal Cortex 203
Adrenal Medulla and Extra- Adrenal Paraganglia Tumours 205
Ophthalmic Tumours 207
Carcinoma of Conjunctiva 208
Melanoma of Conjunctiva 210
Melanoma of Uvea 213
Retinoblastoma 217
Sarcoma of Orbit 221
Carcinoma of Lacrimal Gland 223
Brain and Spinal Cord 225
Hodgkin Lymphoma 227
Non- Hodgkin Lymphomas 231
Essential TNM 237
Paediatric Tumours 241
Gastrointestinal Tumours 241
Bone and Soft Tissue Tumours 242
Gynaecological Tumours 244
Urological Tumours 245
Ophthalmic Tumours 247
Lymphoma 247
Leukaemia 248
Central Nervous System 249